Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious health problem that can progress to CKD 5 and cause irreversible kidney damage. The aim of this study is to determine the situations that cause CKD and emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment by drawing attention to the treatable causes among these reasons in our center which is located in the eastern part of our country.

Material and Method: Our study is a single-center retrospective study that included 82 patients with CKD, aged between three months and 18 years, who were followed up in our pediatric nephrology clinic in the last five years. Age, gender, weight, height, blood pressure values, laboratory, ultrasonography and kidney biopsy results of the patients were recorded. The etiology of chronic kidney disease, clinical findings, kidney replacement requirement and renal replacement modality were examined.

Results: Of 82 patients with chronic kidney disease, 45 (54.9%) were male and 37 (45.1%) were female. Anemia was seen in 74.3% and hypertension was found in 40.2% of the patients. Congenital kidney and urinary system anomalies were the most common cause (43.9%) in the etiology of CKD. Hereditary renal diseases were found in 25.6% and glomerular diseases in 23.2%. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was the most common histological finding in patients who were performed renal biopsy for glomerular disease.

Conclusion: Congenital kidney and urinary system anomalies, which are a repairable cause of CKD in children in our center, continue to be the leading cause of CKD. In order to detect and repair the factors that may cause CKD with early diagnosis, preventive health services should be expanded from the antenatal period and regular training should be given to primary health care workers.