Tracheal neurofibroma (TN) is a slow-growing benign tumor, which can be confused with malignant tumors of the trachea clinically, radiologically and macroscopically. Tracheal location of solitary neurofibromas is extremely rare, with only 18 cases reported hitherto. A 65-year-old male case was admitted to the emergency department in January 2005, complaining of shortness of breath both at rest and on effort, expectorating sputum and cough continuing for 15 days. The patient, whose mass was totally excised, was diagnosed as “solitary tracheal neurofibroma”. TN, which is usually accompanied with NF1, has very rare solitary forms. We aimed to discuss this case in the light of literature data, due to its being rare and posing a distinctive diagnosis problem.©2008, Firat University, Medical Faculty.