Objective: We aimed to evaluate the demographic, clinical, cytogenetic and molecular characteristics of patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and the effects of AML remission-induction treatments on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Material and Method: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 157 patients diagnosed with AML and treated at the Hematology Clinic of University of Health Sciences Antalya Training and Research Hospital between 2010 and 2021.

Results: The median follow-up period was 15 months, with 91 (58%) males and 66 (42%) females, with a mean age of 53.1±15 years. The rate of B positive and 0 positive patients in the de novo AML group, and the ratio of A positive and 0 negative patients in the secondary AML group was higher. When the response status of 139 patients who received remission induction chemotherapy was evaluated; complete response was detected in 91 (65.4%) patients, primary induction failure was detected in 28 (20.1%) patients. Of the 340 febrile neutropenia (FEN) attacks studied, 70% of the pathogens isolated from blood culture were gram-negative bacteria. When all patients were evaluated, the mean duration of PFS and OS were 64.9 and 35.6 months, respectively.

Conclusion: In cases of AML, the risk group should be determined well at the beginning of the treatment, and appropriate treatments should be given to the patients accordingly. More studies and a national database are needed to understand AML, which has many unknowns and may have regional clinical, cytogenetic and survival differences.